Drug delivery of cisplatin to breast cancer by polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Chemotherapy of disease is impeded by subsequent relapse and metastasis. Nanoparticles as drug carriers have been shown the promising results. Cisplatin-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully constructed, and its efficacy and toxicity were evaluated on an orthotopic breast cancer model. Cisplatin-loaded PBCA NPs were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization technique. NPs were characterized with photon correlation spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and spectrophotometry techniques. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of nanodrug. To evaluate the efficacy of Cisplatin-loaded PBCA NPs an orthotopic model of breast tumor was employed. The cell viability of nanodrug compared to that of the standard drug had a significant decrease by 75% at the first 24 h. In vivo studies showed that the number of mice treated with Cisplatin bound to PBCA NPs was significantly more than the standard drug receivers (8 against 5 mice). Considering the body weight loss as toxicity effects, nanodrug receivers were also shown significantly lesser body weight loss compared to drug receivers groups (20 against 26%).